/*English:Perioperative Care*/

====== Perioperative Care ======


====== Soins péri-opératoires : évaluation de l'acupuncture ======

===== Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis=====
| ☆☆☆ | Evidence for effectiveness and a specific effect of acupuncture |
| ☆☆ | Evidence for effectiveness of acupuncture |
| ☆ |Limited evidence for effectiveness of acupuncture |
| Ø |No evidence or insufficient evidence |



==== Lederer 2018 ====

Lederer AK, Schmucker C, Kousoulas L, Fichtner-Feigl S, Huber R. Naturopathic Treatment and Complementary Medicine in Surgical Practice. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018;115(49):815-821.   {{:medias securises:acupuncture:evaluation:soins peri-operatoires:lederer-200295.pdf|[200295]}}.
 
^Background| Many patients in Germany use naturopathic treatments and complementary medicine. Surveys have shown that many also use them as a concomitant treatment to surgery. | 
^ Methods| Multiple databases were systematically searched for systematic reviews, controlled trials, and experimental studies concerning the use of naturopathic treatments and complementary medicine in the management of typical post-operative problems (PROSPERO CRD42018095330). | 
^ Results| Of the 387 publications identified by the search, 76 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In patients with abnormal gastrointestinal activity, acupuncture can improve motility, ease the passing of flatus, and lead to earlier defecation.** Acupuncture and acupressure can reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting, as well as pain**. More-over, aromatherapy and music therapy seem to reduce pain, stress and anxiety and to improve sleep. Further studies are needed to determine whether phytotherapeutic treatments are effective for the improvement of gastrointestinal function or the reduction of stress. It also remains unclear whether surgical patients can benefit from the methods of mind body medicine. | 
^Conclusion| Certain naturopathic treatments and complementary medical methods may be useful in postoperative care and deserve more intensive study. In the publications consulted for this review, no serious side effects were reported. |

===== Overviews of Systematic Reviews =====


==== Lee 2014 ====

Lee MS, Ernst E. Acupuncture for surgical conditions: an overview of systematic reviews. Int J Clin Pract. 2014;68(6):783-9.   {{:medias securises:acupuncture:evaluation:soins peri-operatoires:lee-170714.pdf|[170714].}}


^Aim|Several systematic reviews (SRs) of acupuncture for surgical conditions have recently been published with sometimes contradicting results. The aim of this overview was to summarise recent SRs of acupuncture for surgical conditions. |
^Method| Thirteen electronic databases were searched for relevant reviews published since 2000. Data were extracted by two independent reviewers according to predefined criteria. |
^Results| Twelve SRs met our inclusion criteria. They related to the prevention or treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting as well as to surgical or postoperative pain. Their results were far from uniform, and several caveats need to be considered. |
^Conclusion|The evidence is insufficient to suggest that acupuncture is an effective intervention in surgical settings. More rigorous research seems warranted. This protocol was registered with PROSPERO database (registration number: CRD42013004817). |